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Introduction :
One of the most common renal diseases, acute pyelonephritis is a sudden inflammation caused by bacteria.It is characterized by renal inflammation and fibrosis induced by recurrent or persistent renal infection, vesicoureteral reflux, or other causes of urinary tract obstruction.
Occurs almost exclusively in patients with major anatomic anomalies, most commonly in young children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
Non-obstructive secondary to obstruction or vesiculourethral reflux with recurrent infection (reflex nephropathy, most common). Vesiculourethral reflux due to an incompetent ureterovesical junction is most common in children (males < 1 year, females > 1 year). Obstruction may be due to renal stones, prostatic hyperplasia, or tumors. Hydronephrosis eventually results, with entry of infected urine into the renal medula.
Definition :
Pyelonephritis is a serious bacterial infection of the kidney that can be acute or chronic
Clinical features :
- high grade fever with chills
- flank pain
- confusion
- headache
- renal colic pain
- other symptoms include hypertension, anemia and renal insufficiency
Investigations :
- urine analysis
- urine culture
- ultrasound study of kidneys
Treatment :
- broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy
- hospitalization in severe cases
One of the most common renal diseases, acute pyelonephritis is a sudden inflammation caused by bacteria.It is characterized by renal inflammation and fibrosis induced by recurrent or persistent renal infection, vesicoureteral reflux, or other causes of urinary tract obstruction.
Occurs almost exclusively in patients with major anatomic anomalies, most commonly in young children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
Non-obstructive secondary to obstruction or vesiculourethral reflux with recurrent infection (reflex nephropathy, most common). Vesiculourethral reflux due to an incompetent ureterovesical junction is most common in children (males < 1 year, females > 1 year). Obstruction may be due to renal stones, prostatic hyperplasia, or tumors. Hydronephrosis eventually results, with entry of infected urine into the renal medula.
Definition :
Pyelonephritis is a serious bacterial infection of the kidney that can be acute or chronic
Clinical features :
- high grade fever with chills
- flank pain
- confusion
- headache
- renal colic pain
- other symptoms include hypertension, anemia and renal insufficiency
Investigations :
- urine analysis
- urine culture
- ultrasound study of kidneys
Treatment :
- broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy
- hospitalization in severe cases
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